One-Dimensional Personnel Positioning in Mines/Tunnels: A Safety Protection Scheme Based on UWB Technology

I. Scheme Background and Objectives

In the complex and hazardous environments of mines and tunnels, personnel safety management is of utmost importance. Traditional personnel positioning methods often suffer from issues such as low accuracy and slow response, making it difficult to meet actual safety requirements. This one-dimensional personnel positioning scheme for mines and tunnels aims to leverage advanced UWB (Ultra-Wideband) positioning technology to achieve precise positioning and real-time monitoring of personnel. It effectively prevents safety accidents and enables rapid response and rescue in emergency situations, providing reliable protection for the lives of personnel.

II. Technical Principles and Equipment Composition

(A) UWB Positioning Technology Principles

UWB positioning technology transmits data by sending and receiving extremely narrow pulses on the nanosecond to microsecond scale. With its extremely high time resolution, it can achieve centimeter-level positioning accuracy. In mine/tunnel environments, UWB signals can effectively overcome multipath effects and interference, ensuring the accuracy and stability of positioning.

(B) Equipment Composition

This scheme adopts a series of high-precision UWB positioning products. The core equipment is a base station board that integrates two base station modules, with a single base station capable of achieving one-dimensional positioning functionality. This design significantly reduces the number of base stations, lowering deployment costs and complexity. Meanwhile, the base stations provide various interfaces such as TTL/485/Rj45, facilitating connection and data interaction with various back-end systems.

III. Scheme Function Implementation

(A) Real-Time Personnel Positioning

• Precise Location Tracking: The system can obtain real-time location information of personnel in one-dimensional spaces (such as mine roadways or tunnels) with an accuracy of up to 30 cm. Managers can view the real-time positions of personnel and grasp their dynamic distribution at any time through the back-end interface.
• Flexible Query Function: It supports personnel location queries based on multiple methods such as card numbers and names. When needing to locate a specific person, simply enter the corresponding information to quickly determine their position, improving management efficiency.

(B) Electronic Fence Management

• Hazardous Area Setting: According to the actual conditions of mines/tunnels, hazardous areas such as excavation faces and gas accumulation zones can be flexibly set. Corresponding alarm rules can also be established, for example, triggering an alarm when personnel approach a hazardous area within a certain distance.
• Alarm Management Mechanism: When personnel approach or enter hazardous areas, the system immediately sends out alarm signals to notify managers and relevant personnel. Alarm methods can include audible and visual alarms, SMS alarms, etc., ensuring timely reminders to prevent safety accidents.
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(C) SOS Alarm and Paging Functions

• SOS Alarm: In emergency situations, on-site personnel can simply press the SOS button on the positioning tag to send alarm information to the system. The system will receive and process this information in real time and promptly notify the monitoring room or back-end personnel.
• Paging Function: Monitoring room or back-end personnel can send call instructions to specific individuals or all personnel through the system. This is highly practical in scenarios such as organizing personnel evacuation and conveying important information, ensuring timely information dissemination and rapid personnel response.
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(D) Historical Trajectory Storage and Playback

• Trajectory Storage: The system has the capability to store personnel movement trajectories over a long period, recording the activity paths and time information of personnel within a certain time frame. These data provide important decision-making bases for subsequent incident handling and safety analysis.
• Trajectory Playback: Managers can playback the activity trajectories of personnel within a specified time period based on conditions such as card numbers and areas. Through trajectory playback, the movement routes and behavior patterns of personnel can be clearly understood, helping to identify potential safety hazards and conduct accident investigations.
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IV. Summary of Scheme Advantages

(A) High-Precision Positioning, Enhancing Safety Management Level

The 30 cm positioning accuracy enables accurate determination of personnel positions, providing detailed and accurate data support for safety management. Whether it is for daily personnel scheduling or emergency rescue operations, it can be more precise and efficient.

(B) Single Base Station Positioning, Reducing Costs and Complexity

The design of achieving one-dimensional positioning with a single base station reduces the number of base stations, lowering hardware procurement costs and deployment difficulties. At the same time, it simplifies the system architecture and improves system stability and reliability.

(C) Rich Interfaces, Facilitating System Integration

Providing multiple interface options enables easy integration with existing monitoring management systems, data analysis platforms, etc. It achieves real-time data sharing and interaction, enhancing overall management efficiency.

(D) Comprehensive Functions, Meeting Diverse Needs

From real-time positioning and electronic fences to SOS alarms and historical trajectory playback, the functions cover all aspects of personnel safety management. It can meet the diverse needs of mines/tunnels in different scenarios, providing comprehensive protection for personnel safety.

V. About Us

FR4PCB.TECH is a high-tech enterprise focusing on the wireless radio frequency field. We have a research and development technical team composed of senior industry engineers. We research and produce relevant products and solutions such as radio frequency modules, UWB positioning, digital voice coding and decoding, and power sensors according to the personalized needs of different customers. In the context of the Internet of Things (IoT), we assist users in meeting various wireless data transmission requirements, enhancing their market competitiveness, and creating greater value for customers.
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